g. occlusion, or blockage, of the follicle. ICD-10-CM L73. Crusty red edges on your eyelid. They eat the oil in our hair follicles. Another type of superficial folliculitis caused by staphylococci is a sty, which only differs from typical folliculitis in that it occurs on the eyelid. Anterior blepharitis affects the eyelid skin, base of the eyelashes, and. Pseudofolliculitis barbae. Eyelid redness – Lid margin inflammation, evidenced by red eyes and eyelids, is a frequent complaint of patients with Demodex blepharitis. Several types are recognised differentiated on the severity of the infection, the area affected or the cause. Infestation with Demodex is common; prevalence in healthy adults varying between 23-100%. There are two principal types: nonbullous (70% of cases) and bullous (30% of cases). When an eyelid tumor is small, it may be difficult for you to spot it on your cat, however as it grows larger, it becomes more obvious and starts to interfere with the cat’s blinking as well. Allergy, blepharitis, or. Inflammation — intense. with eosinophilic folliculitis. Folliculitis is a common, generally benign, skin condition in which the hair follicle becomes infected/inflamed and forms a pustule or erythematous papule of overlying hair-covered skin. It can be caused by blepharitis, stye, allergies or chalazion. As the immune cells within the conjunctiva are stimulated by allergens or other irritants, the lymphoid follicles enlarge, forming raised swellings. Hair starts growing at the bottom of a hair follicle. Constant irritation can lead to eye pain, vision changes, corneal. Keratolytics : used to remove scale when necessary, e. 4 mm deep in the upper lid and 1. The hair follicles on eyelids naturally go through a life cycle, emerging from the roots to full extension and then shedding. Find the perfect folliculitis stock photo, image, vector, illustration or 360 image. . The tiny ducts through which tears leave the gland of the third eyelid exit between the lymphoid follicles on the surface of the third eyelid, allowing these cells to dump their contents into the. Most of the time, eyelash mites don’t cause any problem at all. Symptoms and signs include itching and burning of the eyelid margins with redness and edema. The caruncle is a small, finely haired prominence within the nasal canthus that may or may not be pigmented. It is a medium-to-high range potency corticosteroid that is only available on prescription. Stye. The greatest absorption occurs through the thin skin of eyelids, genitals, and skin creases when a potent topical steroid is best avoided. If you have had eyelid surgery and. Skin biopsies of this disorder find eosinophils (a type of immune cell) around hair follicles. Superior vena cava obstruction. You may have flakes or oily particles (crusts) wrapped at the base of your eyelashes too. Definition / general. This is a procedure where the eyelid is rolled outwards and tacked. Picture of a stye (staphylococcal folliculitis) on the lower eyelid. Ingrown Hair. A stye is usually caused by a staphylococcal infection. Demodex blepharitis, also known as ocular demodicosis, is an inflammation of the hair follicles of the eyelids associated with high populations of demodicid mites. Occlusion of pilosebaceous units (hair follicles) or eccrine sweat ducts leads to a build-up of secretions,. Your health care provider will likely be able to tell whether you have folliculitis by looking at your skin and asking about your medical history. Repeat this cleansing process twice a day until your treatment is complete. •The lesion in folliculitis is a papule or pustule with a central hair, which may not always be seen. 13 should only be used for claims with a date of service on or before September 30, 2015. On occasion, the lesions coalesce and form abscesses, draining sinuses, or a larger group of infected hair follicles called carbuncles. Gram-negative folliculitis: This type is caused by the use of long-term antibiotics to treat acne. skin flaking around the eye. A number of factors that lead to inflammation of the eyelid and crusty eyelashes can cause it. The human lower lid contains 75–80 lashes dispersed in three to four rows, whereas the upper lid has 90–160 lashes scattered on five to six rows. Doctors use the results from diagnostic tests and scans to answer these questions:What You Need to Know About Ringworm on Your Eyelid. A yellowish to brown color of your skin on the eyelids and other body areas may be perfectly normal for you. Sebaceous gland disease. A stye is an infection in the eyelid that causes a tender, red bump near the edge of the lid. Prevalence The typical histopathologic description is lymphoid follicles in the conjunctiva, which have 3 components: Corona: the outer layer, composed of darker blue, mature lymphocytes and plasma cells. Blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelids. Follicular reaction via. Folliculitis is an inflammation or infection of the hair follicles that can develop into a boil. No matter how many times I talk about. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of H02. Eyelid agenesis, or eyelid coloboma, is the most common congenital eyelid disease of cats. Candidemia has become increasingly prevalent in the hospital setting as a complication of surgery and with increased use of parenteral nutrition, central venous catheters, and treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics. Waldman, Corey W. Light sensitivity. It happens if the bacteria become resistant to the antibiotics and make the acne worse. 14, 2023. 4 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. •Folliculitis affects the openings. Crusty red edges on your eyelid. Scars in the eyelid or facial nerve paralysis may. stinging. Most skin abscesses are caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and appear as pus-filled pockets on the skin surface. g. ”. Large conjunctival follicles located at the upper margin of the cornea may leave depressions known as 'Herbert's pits' which are pathognomonic for trachoma. Giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC) is when the inside of the eyelid gets red, swollen, and irritated because of: injury from contact lenses. Styes are usually infected eyelash follicles. Symptoms of a yeast infection on the face include skin discoloration, skin thickening, and itchiness. •A grid like pattern of multiple red papules and or pustules on hair-bearing areas of the body may occur. The edges of your lids turn red or dark in color and become swollen and scaly. Your health care provider will likely be able to tell whether you have folliculitis by looking at your skin. Malassezia folliculitis (inflamed hair follicles) on the cheeks and upper trunk. Descriptions. Other symptoms of a stye can include: a painful lump that may cause the whole eyelid to swell. The red eyelids affect their appearance, which is distressing. A. It’s the most common cause of dry eyes. Trachoma is a chronic conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and is characterized by progressive exacerbations and remissions. eyelids-protect the eyes from foreign objects-blink to move tears across the eyes' surface and sweep debris away-close in sleep to keep out visual stimuli-covered in the body's thinnest layer of skin. Touching mucus from the nose and then rubbing the eye is one. They happen most often where there may be rubbing and sweating. Treating eyes and eyelids can bring quick relief to patients, many of whom have suffered from Demodex mites, blepharitis,. Sometimes, bacteria get. Anatomy of a follicle. Sometimes associated with another skin disease including pseudoxanthoma elasticum , discoid lupus erythematosus , lichen planus. Symptoms of blepharitis include eyelids that become swollen, flaky, and scaly. What's more, Demodex mites carry bacteria and release it into the skin, triggering irritation and inflammation on the lids that can lead to the signature symptoms: crusty lashes. It. Palmitic acid. Chemotherapy, radiation, immunotherapy or bone marrow transplant to treat leukemia. A swollen eyelid is often a symptom of another medical condition, including: Allergies. The eyelids represent a composite structure composed of skin and cutaneous appendages, including hair follicles and glandular structures. Use antimicrobial shampoo. Styes form a bump with a small amount of pus inside. Inflamed eyelids (blepharitis) Pinkeye (conjunctivitis) Shingles. b) Folliculitis Due to Fungus - Folliculitis caused due to fungal infection will be treated with antifungal creams, shampoos, or pills. That causes an itchy, irritating condition called demodicosis. The eyelid is frozen to remove the hairs. contact lens–associated reactions and floppy eyelid syndrome. Thus, the objective of this review is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of. Available for both RF and RM licensing. It can be used twice daily and applied directly to affected. 5 min read. Nodules are a feature of deep, follicular inflammation. Cryotherapy may need to be repeated if new hairs emerge on the eyelid. These demodex mites aren't visible on the face. An ingrown eyelash can touch the eyeball, irritating the. They can occur in follicles at the base of an eyelash, or in glands on the inside of the eyelid. a lump that goes away by itself after several days or weeks. The turning inward (inversion) of the edge of the eyelid, with the tarsal cartilage turned inward toward the eyeball. Apply the ice pack for 10 to 15 minutes several times daily. A way to help distinguish normal from abnormal is to look at both eyelids carefully in good light. The skin in the affected area is tender to the. Use anti-dandruff shampoo on the scalp. It occurs when one or several small round bumps (papillae) develop on the underside of the eyelid. sensitivity to light. 059. The opening between the two eyelids is called the palpebral aperture or opening. Follicular conjunctivitis occurs when follicles — collections of immune cells located on the conjunctiva and under the eyelid — become enlarged and. An external hordeolum involves the eyelash follicles; an internal hordeolum arises from bacterial infection of a meibomian gland. Note marked presence of eosinophils (black arrows). It may look like a pimple at the base of your eyelashes. The most common are: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) - most common in non-pigmented skin (white cats) and can appear pink, irregular and sometimes ulcerated and involve the conjunctiva, eyelid or third eyelid. Folliculitis refers to inflammation of the superficial or deep portion of the hair follicle. Folliculitis looks like a tiny red or white pimple at the base of a hair. 0 0. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of H10. Eyelid scrub: Following a warm compress, a scrub of the eyelid can help remove bacteria and debris. Squamous cell carcinomas, which are more common in white cats with noncolored eyelid edges, can involve the eyelids, conjunctivae, and the third eyelid. Most cases of folliculitis go away without treatment. It inflames the eyelash follicles along the edge of the eyelid, forming dandruff-like scales on the eyelashes. In acute ulcerative blepharitis, small pustules may develop in eyelash follicles and eventually break down to form shallow marginal ulcers. Periocular dermatitis is a localised form of periorificial dermatitis. The incidence of infestation increased with age; 84% of all cases and 100% of cases over age 70 years were. Normal eyelids may be darker than facial skin. Patients with demodicosis may have eye irritation, itching and scaling of eyelids (blepharitis or eyelid dermatitis). Often, the patient history and physical examination significantly narrow the differential diagnosis. A staphylococcal bacterial infection is the most common culprit for this anterior blepharitis. Bacterial skin infections External hordeola (stye, infection of the eyelash follicle, usually caused by staphylococcus bacteria ) Internal hordeola (infection of the meibomian gland). Trachoma is an infectious disease caused by bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. Oil glands (meibomian glands) run along the edges of the eyelids, and when these glands become irritated or inflamed, the oil secretions thicken and do not flow properly. Official answer. Impetigo is the most common bacterial skin infection in children two to five years of age. There may be some discoloration or scarring of the eyelid. brevis), a second type, usually lives on thin,. Blepharitis is a common eye disorder. 1 - other international versions of ICD-10 L73. 4 may differ. In follicles the vessels are seen at the periphery of each follicle, while in papillae the ves-sels are seen in the centre. Folliculitis and mild furuncles may go away with no treatment. Folliculitis is a type of small skin abscess that involves the hair follicle. ContentsBlepharitis can be divided into anterior and posterior according to anatomic location, although there is considerable overlap and both are often present. When oil glands or hair follicles get clogged by. In a small proportion of patients, fever, fatigue, and leg pain may ensue. Styes are caused by a bacterial infection in an oil gland or hair follicle on your eyelid. H01. It is caused by an infection at the base of an eyelash (in the follicle). Folliculitis refers to inflammation of the superficial or deep portion of the hair follicle. Styes are the result of bacterial infection of the small oil-producing meibomian glands or the eyelash follicles at the margin of the eyelid (Fig. If your cat has a lump on its eyelid it can be one of several different types. The center of the follicle is avascular and has blood vessels that surround the round base. 5 mm in diameter. We all know that conjunctival redness, or hyperemia, has many causes. Although Demodex folliculorum is a common inhabitant of eyelid hair follicles, it has received scant attention by ophthalmologists in recent years. The third eyelid may also be visibly prominent in cases of conjunctivitis. Disorders that may cause blepharitis include bacterial (typically staphylococcal) infection of the eyelids or the ducts of the deeper glands that open at the edges of the eyelids, certain viral infections (usually herpes simplex Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Infections Herpes simplex virus infection causes recurring episodes of small, painful, fluid-filled blisters on. Blepharitis. Patients usually present with mass like lesion, pain, eye irritation, ptosis, excessive tear production or dropping eyelid (1-3). Demodecosis. Notably, superficial injuries that do not reach the reticular dermis never cause keloidal and hypertrophic scarring. Use antimicrobial shampoo. La Follicular conjunctivitis is a type of conjunctivitis that occurs due to the presence of lymphoid follicles in the conjunctiva. Usually harmless, these fluid-filled sacs grow on the follicles where the egg develops during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Ascher syndrome. Sjogren syndrome. 3, 6, 7 The anatomy of the lash and hair has some similar characteristics. A 68-year-old female presented with an asymptomatic mass on the right upper eyelid. Below is a table summarizing the causes of eyelash loss and the expected time for regrowth: Folliculitis is usually caused by infection with bacteria. Treating eyes and eyelids can bring quick relief to patients, many of whom have suffered from Demodex mites, blepharitis,. 0% pimecrolimus cream)—have been used off-label to treat. A stye is an inflammation of the oil gland. Blepharitis. the most common site of presentation is the “head and neck,” including the lip and eyelid. They have typically tried artificial tears to reduce redness, to no avail. Systemic disorders may mimic eyelid disease by causing swelling or redness of the eyelid: Dermatomyositis. The actual type of inflammatory cells can vary and may be dependent on the etiology of the folliculitis, the stage at which the biopsy specimen was obtained, or both. Periorificial dermatitis includes perioral dermatitis or periocular dermatitis alone, or in association. Eyelid problem. 100 percent concentrations of tea tree oil can cause swelling and redness. Sometimes, this is caused by an excess of bacteria or clogged oil glands at the base of the eyelashes. Symptoms and Diagnosis. The presence of these follicles In the eyes is considered the cause of follicular conjunctivitis. stinging. The bumps may look similar to acne and may contain pus. It manifests by foreign body sensation, profuse tearing, eyelid edema, dilatation of conjunctival vessels, chemosis, and subconjunctival hemorrhage. Eyelid swelling can occur in one or both eyes. Eyelid is then everted with special clamp and incision is made through conjunctiva. Code History. herpes simplex, malassezia folliculitis and molluscum contagiosum. In the past, GPC was considered to be an. Folliculitis is a skin condition that commonly affects dogs. Inflammation of the eyelids can. Steroid eye drops. 4, 41 Complete coverage of the eyelash base by the tea tree oil lid cleanser is necessary to be effective so that mites are unable to lay eggs and hatch. There was no apparent associated ocular or systemic involvement. Blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelids. 019 became effective on October 1, 2023. adherent to the eyelash shafts, blood-tinged debris on the eyelashes and eyelids. Styes are caused by a bacterial infection in an oil gland or hair follicle on your eyelid. This can cause symptoms such as: A bulging, red eye. Multiple pink, raised follicles can be seen on the anterior third eyelid and along the ventral palpebral conjunctiva in this dog, giving it a cobblestone-like appearance. Touching mucus from the nose and then rubbing the eye is one. Disorders of the scalp can result from a wide variety of inflammatory, infectious, parasitic, neoplastic, and idiopathic dermatologic or systemic disorders. Papillae or follicles may be present as well as eyelid involvement which may show redness, lash loss, dilated small blood vessels, lid collarettes, recurrent hordeola and may lead to marginal corneal ulcers. Takeaway. use as few strokes of the razor as possible. In this article:When a sty develops, a small area of the upper or lower eyelid or the corner of the eye becomes red, tender and swollen. 19 to ICD-10-PCS. Background. The classic clinical findings of superficial folliculitis are folliculocentric, inflamed papules and/or pustules on hair-bearing skin ( picture 1A-C ). Pemphigoid. You might notice: A raised red bump (or group of bumps) that's like a little pimple. A cut, scratch, or insect bite near the eye. Meibomian glands were prominent in the substance of the tarsus (Figure 1C). The nictitating membrane has an exposed, palpebral conjunctival surface and a. However, cases do occur on the trunk and extremities and unusual sites of presentation have. When it affects the meibomian (posterior) glands, it is relatively large and is known as an internal. To do this, soak a clean cloth in warm water and wring out the excess moisture. A yellowish to brown color of your skin on the eyelids and other body areas may be perfectly normal for you. The bumps look the same (uniform) throughout your upper body. The pustules mostly appear on the face, scalp, neck and trunk and may persist for weeks or months. The result is a tender red spot, often with a surface pustule. Advertisement. In the office, D folliculorum can be lured to the follicle surface with the use of volatile fluids, such as ether (not allowed in the United States), brushed vigorously across the external lid margin, following 0. What You Need to Know About Ringworm on Your Eyelid. 825 - other international versions of ICD-10 H02. The early infection has five or more follicles — small bumps that contain lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell — visible with magnification on the inner surface of your upper eyelid (conjunctiva). 8 Both have a hair shaft (the visible part) that extends outside the skin, a root that is. In a small number of cases, it can cause: boils to form under your skin. Find the perfect folliculitis stock photo, image, vector, illustration or 360 image. Your provider may suggest using lasers to remove the misdirected eyelashes of trichiasis. try a different hair removal method. Myxoedema. Folliculitis. The pilosebaceous unit of the follicle is divided into three compartments: the infundibulum (superficial part, outlined by the sebaceous duct), the isthmus (between the sebaceous. Cosmetics/makeup (mascara, eyeliner, eye shadow and/or sunscreen). growth. Often, the patient history and physical examination significantly narrow the differential diagnosis. Folliculitis may be infectious or, less. Larry Denk MD, in Pediatric Clinical Advisor (Second Edition), 2007. Additional self-care steps to reduce symptoms caused by eyelash mites include: Use artificial tears or lubricating ointments if dry eye is a problem. H02. The lymphoid follicles covering the surface of the third eyelid dump antibodies and other immunological mediators into the tear film, bathing the ocular surface and protecting it from the stew of. Doxycycline is used to treat bacterial infections in many different parts of the body. 1% for adults and children 16 years and older. Ectropion is a slack eyelid edge that is turned out, usually with a large notch or “crack” in the eyelid. For claims with a date of service on or after October 1, 2015, use an equivalent ICD-10-CM code (or codes). Demodex (Face Mites) Demodex is a type of mite that lives in human hair follicles, usually on your face. Demodex folliculitis, meaning inflammation of the follicle due to. 100 percent concentrations of tea tree oil can cause swelling and redness. g. Blepharitis is an inflammation of the hair follicles along the eyelid margin. Candida is a yeast (a type of fungus) that lives on the skin and can cause an infection. See what folliculitis looks like in our visual guide to children's rashes and skin conditions. Bumps ( pimples, whiteheads, blackheads, and pustules) on your skin can be different shapes and sizes. D. The most common benign inflammatory lesions include chalazion and pyogenic granuloma. Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP), commonly known as a subtype of mucous membrane pemphigoid, is a bilateral, progressive autoimmune conjunctivitis, leading to cicatrization and shrinkage of the conjunctiva with opacification of the cornea. Folliculitis is a common skin condition that happens when hair follicles become inflamed. It is caused by an infection at the base of an eyelash (in the follicle). The inflammation is caused by certain infections, allergic reactions, and some skin conditions. What is folliculitis in the eye? The definition of folliculitis on the eye is very simple: it's about the presence of small round structures, translucent and surrounded by a vascular network in the conjunctiva of the eye and the eyelids. Excessive sweating, or remaining in wet clothes too long. Folliculitis is an inflammatory reaction in the superficial aspect of the hair follicle and can involve the follicular opening or the perifollicular hair follicles. If there is a more serious cause, you may need: Antibiotics to treat a bacterial infection. Soak a cotton applicator in diluted baby shampoo and gently cleanse the eyelid margin. Acne and its variants are also types of folliculitis. Keratosis pilaris is a very common, dry skin condition caused by keratin accumulation in the hair follicles. It can affect anywhere there are hairs, including chest, back, buttocks, arms, and legs. Often, eyelash pain is due to ingrown eyelashes or eyelid inflammation. brevis), a second type, usually lives on thin,. illustration on isolated background. These mites usually live on the face, including the eyelids and. Symptoms of Demodex mites on the eyelashes may include: itchiness in the eyelashes and surrounding skin. Dear Reader: Eyelash mites, also known as Demodex mites, are a type of eight-legged parasite. Infection with a virus. FY 2016 - New Code, effective from 10/1/2015 through 9/30/2016. Other infective etiologies: viral (e. Diaper occlusion may have been related to onset of the rash. 825 became effective on October 1, 2023. Smaller follicles may produce a slightly irregular and velvety appearance. Eyelid folliculitis: infection and inflammation of one or more hair follicles on eyelid. 1 became effective on October 1, 2023. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of topical ivermectin 1% cream application on the eyelashes in combination with eyelid hygiene in the treatment of Demodex blepharitis. The center of the follicle is avascular and has blood vessels that surround the round base. Signs and symptoms This uncomfortable condition causes pimples or white-headed pustules to form around the hair follicles. If there is an abnormal eyelash growing inside the eyelid, the follicle may be frozen (cryosurgery) to prevent regrowth. Curiously, the skin germ called Pityrosporum yeast and the Demodex skin mite are often involved in blepharitis, and removing. Follicular conjunctivitis is an eye condition that primarily affects young dogs, under 18 months of age. Two and a half weeks after periorbital laser resurfacing, I developed a horrible case of folliculitis on the eyelid and under the eye of the most aggressively treated eye. Styes form a bump with a small amount of pus inside. The general biology of the human lash. Staphylococcal bacteria are the usual culprits. The conjunctiva, which lines the inner eyelid and white of the eye, also becomes red and inflamed. Folliculitis describes infection that originates within a single hair follicle, usually caused by a bacterial infection with Staphylococcus aureus. Staging of melanoma of the eyelid. The patient's eyelids typically itch or burn, become reddened, and are often characterized by accumulations of waxy or gelatinous debris at the base of the eyelashes. Burning. With its numerous appendages and glands, the eyelid protects the eye from the external environment and helps maintain the. In most scenarios, it will take between 6 weeks and 3 months for eyelashes to fully grow back. . Feeling like something. Blepharitis is very common, especially among people who have oily skin, dandruff or rosacea. This includes the back of the neck, face, armpits, waist, groin, thighs, or. Eyes of a young woman with symptoms of Demodicosis. 374. There are two types of these mites that can live on the face: Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis. Chemicals (chlorine, etc. It can look similar to an acne pimple. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of moderate to severe eczema (atopic dermatitis). 12 Discoid lupus erythematosus of eyelid. Folliculitis Pictures - 54 Photos & Images. It has a high recurrence rate, causes scarring of the adjacent eyelid margin and can be tedious for the patient as well as the surgeon. It is characterised by small red scaly papules and pustules located around the eye [1]. Applying a surface medication will eliminate organisms and debris from the skin's surface. People with diabetes and those with a compromised immune system (such as from HIV/AIDS , chronic diseases, cancer , systemic chemotherapy, and immune-suppressing drugs) may. Causes include inadequate hygiene when using cosmetics or contact lenses. 0): 606 Minor skin disorders with mcc. They have four pairs of legs, for a total of eight. Nodules are a feature of deep, follicular inflammation. The information that eHealthMe analyzes includes: - Medications that treat Eyelid folliculitis and their effectiveness - 5 drugs that are associated with Eyelid folliculitis. crusted eyelashes after sleeping. Some believe that Demodex mites can occasionally cause a type of eyelid inflammation known as blepharitis , particularly in people who are older or have compromised immune systems. Swollen Eyelid Causes. Answer: It should not have any affect on eye lash regrowth. Chalazion and Stye (Hordeolum) Chalazia are enlargements of an oil gland (similar to a pimple) deep in the eyelid caused by an obstruction of the gland’s opening. It can cause: itching. A boil-like sore. They are formed within the conjunctival stroma. Folliculitis, furuncles, and carbuncles are skin infections caused by bacteria. The follicles appear as gray-white, round to oval elevations which measuring between 0. Betamethasone can be used to treat moderate-to-severe eczema or psoriasis. . Key Points. It is also used to treat pimples and abscesses (usually on the face) that are caused by rosacea, also known as acne rosacea or adult acne. They may become acutely inflamed, but unlike a stye, chalazia. I examined 100 biopsies of eyelid skin for the presence of these mites. Treatment for petechiae varies depending on the cause. Overview Blepharitis (blef-uh-RYE-tis) is inflammation of the eyelids. Cleanse Eyelids Thoroughly . The most common form of superficial folliculitis is called Barbers itch and is caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.